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LEDERLE LEUCOVORIN® CALCIUM Wyeth-Ayerst Citrovorum Factor Folic Acid Derivative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Lederle Leucovorin Calcium (calcium folinate), the calcium salt of folinic acid (citrovorum factor), is a mixture of the diastereoisomers of the 5-formyl derivative of tetrahydrofolic acid. The biologically active compound of the mixture is the (-)-L-isomer. It is a metabolite of folic acid and an essential coenzyme for nucleic acid synthesis. Leucovorin is a reduced form of…

exoLERITINE® Injection LERITINE® Tablets Frosst Anileridine Phosphate Anileridine HCl Opioid Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Anileridine, a synthetic opioid, is a strong analgesic. The chief pharmacologic action is exerted on the CNS. The analgesic effects usually are prompt in onset either orally or parenterally (approximately within 15 minutes). Duration of action is about 2 or 3 hours. Respiratory depression, when it occurs, is of shorter duration than that seen with…

LESCOL® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Fluvastatin Sodium Lipid Metabolism Regulator Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Fluvastatin is a fully synthetic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and is hydrophilic. Fluvastatin is a racemate of two erythro enantiomers of which one exerts the pharmacological activity. Fluvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, which is responsible for the conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) to mevalonate, a precursor of sterols, including cholesterol. The inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis reduces…

LANVIS® Glaxo Wellcome Thioguanine Antileukemic Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Thioguanine is a close relative of mercaptopurine and like the latter is an antimetabolite which blocks purine metabolism. It causes depletion of human bone marrow producing neutropenia, reticulopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and prolongation of clotting time. The protracted but reversible aplasia of bone marrow closely resembles the effects of ionizing radiations. In man, thioguanine is extensively converted to 2-amino-6-methyl-mercaptopurine which is…

LARIAM® Roche Mefloquine HCl Antimalarial Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mefloquine acts on the asexual intraerythrocytic forms of the human malaria parasites: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale. Mefloquine is also effective against malaria parasites resistant to other antimalarials such as chloroquine, proguanil, pyrimethamine and pyrimethamine-sulfonamide combinations. Resistance to P. falciparum to mefloquine has been reported, mainly in parts of South-East Asia. Cross-resistance between mefloquine and halofantrine…

LASIX® SPECIAL Hoechst Marion Roussel Furosemide Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Animal experiments using stop-flow and micropuncture techniques have demonstrated that furosemide inhibits sodium reabsorption in the ascending limb of Henle’s loop as well as in both proximal and distal tubules. The action of furosemide on the distal tubule is independent of any inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase or aldosterone. The diuretic effect of furosemide is exerted even when glomerular…

LASIX® Hoechst Marion Roussel Furosemide Diuretic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Animal experiments using stop-flow and micropuncture techniques have demonstrated that furosemide inhibits sodium reabsorption in the ascending limb of Henle’s loop as well as in both proximal and distal tubules. The action of furosemide on the distal tubule is independent of any inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase or aldosterone. Furosemide may promote diuresis in cases which have previously proved resistant…

LANOHEX® SKIN CLEANSER Rougier Phenoxetol Antibacterial Skin Cleanser Indications And Clinical Uses: An all-purpose skin cleanser for personal hygiene, diaper rash and acne treatment as well as folliculitis and impetigo. Precautions: If a mild irritation appears discontinue use for a few days. Apply an emollient lotion, and resume using this product. Avoid scrubbing. During extremely cold or extremely dry weather, the auxiliary use of an emollient cream or lotion is…

LANOXIN® Glaxo Wellcome Digoxin Cardiotonic Glycoside Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The influence of digitalis glycosides on the myocardium is dose related, and involves both direct action on cardiac muscle and the specialized conduction system, and indirect actions on cardiovascular system mediated by the autonomic nervous system. The indirect actions mediated by the autonomic nervous system involve a vagomimetic action, which is responsible for the effects of digitalis on the sinoatrial…

LACRISERT® MSD Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Ophthalmic Insert Indications And Clinical Uses: In patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndromes, including keratoconjunctivitis sicca, especially in patients who remain symptomatic after an adequate trial of therapy with artificial tear solutions. Exposure keratitis. Decreased corneal sensitivity. Contra-Indications: Hypersensitivity to hydroxypropyl cellulose. Precautions: Instructions for inserting and removing Lacrisert should be carefully followed. Occupational Hazards: Because this product may produce transient blurring of vision,…