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CORTROSYN® Organon Cosyntropin Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Action And Clinical Pharmacology: The pharmacologic profile of cosyntropin is similar to that of purified natural ACTH, it has been established that 250 µg of cosyntropin will stimulate the adrenal cortex maximally and to the same extent as 25 units of natural ACTH. These clinical observations confirm earlier animal and assay studies establishing the 1:100 ratio. This dose of cosyntropin will produce maximal secretion of…

COUMADIN® DuPont Pharma Warfarin Sodium Anticoagulant Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Warfarin and other coumarin anticoagulants act by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K dependent clotting factors, which include Factors II, VII, IX and X, and the anticoagulant proteins C and S. Half-lives of these clotting factors are as follows: Factor II – 60 hours, VII – 4 to 6 hours, IX – 24 hours, and X – 48 to 72…

BUTISOL® SODIUM Carter Horner Butabarbital Sodium Sedative – Hypnotic Indications And Clinical Uses: A daytime sedative when mild sedation is required for relief of symptoms of anxiety or tension resulting from emotional, physical, or situational stress. May be used in such conditions as: neuroses and anxiety-tension states, functional gastrointestinal disorders, peptic ulcer, menopausal syndrome, premenstrual tension, hyperthyroidism, essential hypertension, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, preoperative apprehension and insomnia. Contra-Indications:…

BIAXIN® Abbott Clarithromycin Antibiotic Note: When used in combination with acid antisecretory drugs and other antimicrobials for the eradication of helicobacter pylori, the product monograph for those agents should be consulted. Action And Clinical Pharmacology: General: Clarithromycin exerts its antibacterial action by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria and suppressing protein synthesis. Eradication of H. pylori: H. pylori is now established as a major etiological factor in…

BACTROBAN® SmithKline Beecham Mupirocin Topical Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Mupirocin exerts a bactericidal action against sensitive organisms by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It reversibly and specifically binds to bacterial isoleucyl transfer-RNA synthetase Indications And Clinical Uses: For the topical treatment of the following when caused by sensitive strains of staphylococcus and streptococcus species: impetigo, superficially infected dermatoses, lesions which are moist and weeping. For abrasions, minor cuts and wounds,…

BACITRACIN Pharmacia & Upjohn Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Bacitracin, an antibiotic substance derived from cultures of B. subtilis (Tracey), exerts pronounced antibacterial action in vitro against a variety of gram-positive and a few gram-negative organisms. However, among systemic diseases, only staphylococcal infections qualify for consideration of bacitracin therapy. Bacitracin is assayed against a standard and its activity is expressed in units, 1 mg having a potency of not less…

BACID® Rh´ne-Poulenc Rorer Lactobacillus acidophilus Flora Modifier Indications And Clinical Uses: To assist in the restoration and maintenance of the normal physiological and bacterial flora of the oral and intestinal tracts. Has been used in the prevention and treatment of postantibiotic stomatitis and microbial diarrheas; also in aphthous and herpetic stomatitis. Precautions: Should be stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 10°C, or below to maintain potency. Not to…

ARLIDIN® ARLIDIN® FORTE Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Nylidrin HCl Peripheral Vasodilator – Organic Brain Syndrome Therapy Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nylidrin acts predominantly by beta receptor stimulation. It has been shown to dilate arterioles in skeletal muscle and to increase cardiac output. An increase in cerebral blood flow and a decrease in vascular resistance has also been reported. The result of this combination of actions is a greater blood supply to ischemic…

APO®-OFLOX Apotex Ofloxacin Antibacterial Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum, synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent for oral administration. Ofloxacin is thought to exert a bactericidal effect on susceptible bacterial cells by inhibiting the essential bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase, a critical catalyst in the duplication, transcription and repair of bacteria. The bioavailability of ofloxacin in the tablet formulation is approximately 98%. Ofloxacin is rapidly and completely absorbed from the upper…

APO®-CROMOLYN STERULES Apotex Cromolyn Sodium Asthma Prophylaxis Action And Clinical Pharmacology: In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that cromolyn sodium inhibits sensitized mast cell degranulation which occurs after exposure to specific antigens. It acts by inhibiting the release of mediators from mast cells. Studies show that cromolyn sodium indirectly blocks calcium ions from entering the mast cell, thereby preventing mediator release. Cromolyn sodium inhibits both the immediate…