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FLOXIN® Janssen-Ortho Ofloxacin Antibacterial Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum, synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent for oral administration. Ofloxacin is thought to exert a bactericidal effect on susceptible bacterial cells by inhibiting the essential bacterial enzyme, DNA gyrase, a critical catalyst in the duplication, transcription and repair of bacteria. Pharmacokinetics: The pharmacokinetic profile of ofloxacin tablets is comparable to the profile of ofloxacin administered i.v. The bioavailability of ofloxacin…

FLOMAX® Boehringer Ingelheim Tamsulosin HCl Selective Antagonist of Alpha1A-adrenoceptor Subtype in the Prostate Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Tamsulosin, an alpha1-adrenoceptor blocking agent, exhibits selectivity for alpha1 receptors in the human prostate. At least 3 discrete alpha1-adrenoreceptor subtypes have been identified: alpha1A, alpha1B and alpha1D; their distribution differs between human organs and tissue. Approximately 70% of the alpha1-receptor in human prostate is of the alpha1A subtype. The symptoms associated with benign…

FAMVIR™ SmithKline Beecham Famciclovir Antiviral Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Famciclovir is the orally administered pro-drug of the antiviral agent penciclovir. Famciclovir itself has no antiviral activity until it is biotransformed to penciclovir. Following oral administration little or no famciclovir is detected in plasma or urine since famciclovir is rapidly converted via deacetylation and oxidation to penciclovir. Studies in volunteers have shown that famciclovir is well absorbed and produces plasma…

DOLOBID® Frosst Diflunisal Analgesic – Anti-inflammatory Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Diflunisal is a nonsteroidal drug with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. The precise mechanism of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of diflunisal is not known; however, it appears to be a peripherally acting analgesic drug. Diflunisal is a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor. In animals, prostaglandin sensitize afferent nerves and potentiate the action of bradykinin in inducing pain. Since prostaglandins are known…

DIPRIVAN® Zeneca Propofol I.V. Emulsion – Anesthetic – Sedative Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Propofol is an i.v. hypnotic agent for use in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia or sedation. The drug, an alkylphenol formulated in an oil-in-water emulsion, is chemically distinct from currently available i.v. anesthetic agents. I.V. injection of a therapeutic dose of propofol produces hypnosis rapidly and smoothly, usually within 40 seconds from the start of…

DIODOQUIN® Glenwood Iodoquinol Amebicide Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Iodoquinol is amebicidal against E. histolytica, D. fragilis and G. lamblia and is considered effective against the trophozoite and cyst forms. Indications And Clinical Uses: In the treatment of intestinal amebiasis. Contra-Indications: Hypersensitivity to any 8-hydroxy-quinoline or iodine-containing preparations, hepatic damage and pre-existing optic neuropathy. tag_WarningWarnings Manufacturers’ Warnings In Clinical States: Optic neuritis, optic atrophy, and peripheral neuropathy have been reported following…

DIOVAN® Novartis Pharmaceuticals Valsartan Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Blocker Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Valsartan is an orally active angiotensin II AT1 receptor blocker. Valsartan acts selectively on AT1, the receptor subtype that mediates the known cardiovascular actions of angiotensin II, the primary vaso-active hormone of the renin-angiotensin-system. The AT2 receptor subtype, found in tissues such as brain, endometrium, myometrium and fetal kidney and adrenals, plays no known role in cardiovascular…

DAYPRO™ Searle Oxaprozin Anti-inflammatory – Analgesic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Oxaprozin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. The modes of action of oxaprozin, like that of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, are not fully established. It is known, however, that it does inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. Pharmacokinetics: Oxaprozin is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma levels attained 2 to 4 hours after administration. The…

DALACIN® C Pharmacia & Upjohn Clindamycin HCl Antibiotic Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Clindamycin exerts its antibacterial effect by causing cessation of protein synthesis and also causing a reduction in the rate of synthesis of nucleic acids. In vitro studies indicate that clindamycin has antibacterial activity against sensitive gram-positive organisms. The spectrum of activity includes staphylococci (including penicillinase-producing and methicillin resistant strains), hemolytic streptococci, S. viridans and S. pneumoniae. In addition,…

  CORGARD® Squibb Nadolol Antianginal – Antihypertensive Agent Action And Clinical Pharmacology: Nadolol is a noncardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent. It does not possess membrane stabilizing or intrinsic sympathomimetic (partial agonist) activities. The exact mechanism by which the drug exercises its anti-anginal effect is not certain. An important factor may be the reduction of myocardial oxygen requirements by blocking catecholamine-induced increases in heart rate, systolic blood pressure and the velocity and…